| Forms of Practice (Kata) | ||
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Randori no kata — Form of practising randori —
乱取りの形 Freedom / taking / of / form
Randori no kata is composed of the union of two kata: nage no kata and katame no kata — the first indicating how to execute projection techniques, and the second how to practise control techniques on the ground.It unfolds the fundamental techniques and forms of junomichi, and thus leads practitioners to practise randori with efficiency. Having created the nage no kata and the katame no kata, Jigorô Kanô sought, through the randori no kata, to express the fundamental link between standing work and ground work. |
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| Nage no kata | ||
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Nage no kata — Form of projection —
投げの形 Throw / of / form
Nage no kata develops the essential projections and falls used in junomichi.It is composed of five series, each presenting three techniques: three series of tachi waza (te waza, koshi waza and ashi waza) and two series of sutemi waza (ma sutemi waza and yoko sutemi waza). All techniques begin standing and end with a projection, following a three-step movement — Tori projecting, while Uke performs an ukemi. In each sequence, Uke initiates an attack with the intention of projecting Tori. In response, Tori performs an evasion (tai sabaki), applies a control (katame), and completes the action with a powerful projection (nage). The whole forms a single unit: kake. To perform nage no kata, Tori stands to the right of the jôseki. The names of the techniques correspond to the projections executed by Tori, performed on both right and left sides. |
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| Katame no kata | ||
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Katame no kata — Form of control —
固めの形 Hold, make firm / of / form
Katame no kata is the field of study of the three categories of ground control in junomichi: holding techniques (osae waza), techniques of pressure on the blood flow (shime waza), and joint techniques (kansetsu waza).Each category consists of a series of five techniques executed by Tori. Uke, for their part, performs katame ura no waza throughout the three series in order to attempt to escape Tori’s control. Katame no kata demonstrates that control is not a matter of isolated moments or techniques. It is exercised continuously — during movement, transitions, approach, and throughout the relationship between partners. To perform katame no kata, Tori stands to the right of the jôseki. The names of the techniques correspond to the controls executed by Tori. |